Hausaland and the
Growth of the Sokoto Caliphate

The Sokoto Early Migration Trek

by Rudy Scott Nelson



The Battle of Lake Kwutto. June 1804. An outnumbered force from Sokoto defended a wooded area with the lake on the flank. The Gobir forces outflanked the Sokoto batteline but the center held until the less motivated Gobirawa broke and fled.

The Battle of Tsuntsua December 1804. It was fought about two miles from the Gobir capital of Alkalawa. A Gobir + Taureg force attacked and defeated Sokoto. The Sokoto forces lost over 2,000 men.

The Sokoto capture the Kebbeawa capital of Kebbi forcing its citizens to flee.

The Sokoto capture the town of Kanoma.

The Battle of Alwassa near the Kebbi valley. A Gobir + Taureg + Kebbawa force defeated a Sokoto force. The Sokoto force was in defensive positions around a hill. They advanced from the rough positions but were overrun by enemy cavalry when they reached flat ground. The Sokoto lost 1,000 men during the rout but regrouped closer to their capital along a ridge. The mounted pursuing Tauregs were then driven back.

The Battle of Zurmi (1805) was fought. A Sokoto force defending Zurmi defeats a combined Adarawa + Burmawa + Taureg force.

In 1806 a Sokoto force attacks the Yauri, Bauchi, Borgu and captures Yandoto.

In 1807 a major campaign was launched against the Gobri capital which failed.

In 1807 a major campaign was launched against the Gobri capital of Alkalawa. The town was captured in October, the sultan killed and the main center of resistance to Sokoto expansion was crushed.

In December of 1807, the last of the major Hausa towns, Zaria, were captured.

Hausaland and the Growth of the Sokoto Caliphate


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