Uniforms of the
States Army 1745-1748

Infantry

by Peter Lenders



Military dress was still based much on the civil dress.

FIG.E shows an infantry-officer of an unknown regiment. He wears a darkblue coat with large cuffs, gold buttons, gold lace around the pockets and cuffs; nine golden double loops along the skirts of the coat and white gaiters. Gold lace on the tricorn and an orange sash over the right shoulder.

The coats were less wide and the cuffs became smaller, although several regiments still had the large and wide ones. Turnbacks were introduced, although not shown by all regiments and coats were worn more with visable lapels. The latter being introduced during the war. Collars are very difficult to identify. According to the 1753-listing, mentioned before, all regiments had collars, often in the then standard blue coat-colour. I think it dangerous however to assume the same for our period. The more, since before 1753 new (blue) coats were introduced for the infantry, with the collar as standard feature. This a different with regard to the lapels. For the latter tradition was maintained something longer, although still more regiments showed them on their coat. Some regiments had aguillettes. Officers still wore the coat loose. Waistcoats were still rather long, reaching halfway to the thighs and could be single or double-breated. They got shorter during the W.A.S..

Swords were carried beneath the coat and black cartridge-boxes on a belt over the left shoulder. Belts could be white, buff or straw-yellow, white however becoming more predominant. The tricorn was still congruent, although having lower sides as the cavalry, a black cockade and laced in the button colour. Grenadier caps were very different per regiment; I'll deal with them at the end. Gaiters were white in Summer and black in Winter. Officers wore an orange sash over their right shoulder, NCO's around their waist. I am not sure if all officers had a gorget, as was the case with the Gardes to Voet. This is rather likely however, being practice in other countries as well.

Drummers might have worn reversed coat-colours, as was practice in other countries too, although I have no evidence for this, only of some regiments during the 1730's.

For the officers/generals' portraits applies the same here as for the cavalry.

National Regiment Uniforms

Coats:

White for Panthaleon, De La Roque, Kinschot sr., Tissot van Patot, Van der Leythen, Glinstra, Gadelierre. Red for Van Dorth and Blue for all other regiments.

Facings (Cuffs):

White for Grotenray, Schwartzenberg, Saksen Hildburg-hausen. Yellow for Outshoorn, Crommelin, Tertre, Kinschot jr, Leden, Gadelierre, Van Dorth.

Light blue for Van der Leythen and Glinstra. Violet for Maleprade (Van Dorth till 1747)..

Red for all other regiments.

Waistcoat Breeches:

Blue for Randwijck, Kinschot sr.

Red for Van Rijssel, Swaenenburg, De Brauw, Bronckhorst. Yellow for Smissaert, Van Dorth, Brakel, Stolberg, Deutz.

White for Gardes to Voet, Burmania, Oranje-Groningen, OranjeGelderland, Oranje-Friesland,Oranje-Drenthe,S aksenHildburghausen and Tertre.

White or (Straw-)yellow for all other regiments. Collar: Gardes to Voet, Kinschot.

Lapels:

All 'Oranje'-regiments.

No lapels:

Gardes to Voet.

Buttons:

White for Randwijk.

Yellow for Kinschot, Smissaert, Brauw, Bronkhorst, Burmania.

Aguillettes:

White for Randwijk, Van Rijssel (white/red), Swaenenburgh, Bronkhorst, Schwartzenberg, Oranje-Groningen.

Yellow for Kinschot, Smissaert, Brauw, Mulert.

Other Details:

Gardes to Voet; 7 white loops on both sides of thecoat, 3 white loops on cuffs, white lace along coat and cuffs, officers gold lace along coat and waistcoat. Musketeer-NCO's carry a halbard, grenadier-NCO's a musket. Officers no coat-collar and a gold gorget.

Musicians:

Drummers and fifers a blue coat with 7 yellow loops and red swallow-nests with yellow lace. Yellow lace along the front of the coat, the cuffs, the sleeves and over the back till the buttons above the turnbacks. 3 Yellow loops on the cuffs and 6 V -shaped chevrons on the sleeves. Red collar, cuffs, waistcoat and breeches. The drums probably bore the Stadtholders-weapon and red belts with double yellow border.

Schwartzenberg; blue waistcoat and breeches for officers and NCO's.

Van Dorth; all men wore a grenadier-like cap. Oranje Friesland; white lace on cuffs and lapels.

Walloon Regiment Uniforms

Coat:

Blue for Lillers (probably also for all other Walloon regiments).

Facings:

White for Lillers.

Waistcoat

White waistcoat for Lillers. breeches: Blue breeches for Lillers.

Collar:

Lillers.

No lapels:

Lillers.

Buttons:

Yellow for Lillers.

German Regiment Uniforms

Coat:

Blue for Baden-Baden Lightblue for Oranje-Nassau. Greywhite for Waldeck. White for Saksen-Gotha.

Facings (Cuffs):

Red for Oranje-Nassau, Waldeck, Saksen-Gotha. Yellow for Baden-Baden.

Collar:

Waldeck.

Swiss Regiment Uniforms

Coat:

Darkblue for all regiments. Facings: Red for all regiments.

Waistcoat / Breeches:

Blue for all regiments.

Collar:

Sturler, Hirzel, Gardes.

No Collar:

Constant-Rebecque and Salis.

No Lanels:

for all regiments.

Buttons:

White for all regiments.

Other details:

Hirzel; white loops on left side of coat and waistcoat, yellow waistbelt and rifle- sling. Grenadier with white swordbelt, orange-red sword-knot and copper sword-hilt.

Gardes;

White lace along the coat, cuffs, pockets and waistcoat. 7 White loops on both sides of the coat and 3 on the cuffs. Light blue gloves. Officers have silver tricorn-lace, silver lace along the waistcoat (double), along the front of the coat, neck and on the back, till the lower buttons. Drummers and fifers yellow hatlace. Yellow lace, with red mid-stripe just like those of the Gardes to Voet. Red waistcoat and breeches. Red drum-belts with yellow borders.

Scots Brigade Uniforms

FIG.A shows a drawing of a soldier of the Mackay regiment, probably about 1745. Strange is that it shows a collar. As for this regiment, sources give different information on the facings-colour; some say white, some yellow.

FIG.C shows a grenadier-coat of the regiment Marjoribanks as found on a wallpainting, dated about 1750, but probably being worn during the W.A.S.. A red coat with white facings and white-metal buttons; white waistcoat and breeches, black neck-stock; 3 loops on the sleeves and 2 below the lapels, each white with a red stripe and a white knot; drummers seem to have worn the same loops.

Coat:

Red for all regiments.

Facings (Cuffs ):

Yellow for Colyear and Villegas. White for Mackay and Drumlanrig.

Waistcoat / Breeches:

Yellow for Colyear and Villegas. White for Mackay and Drumlanrig.

Collar:

Probably none.

Lapels:

for all regiments.

Other Details:

Colyear; drummers with green coats and orange facings.

Grenadier Hats

There exist several paintings and drawings showing grenadier caps of the 1st half of the 18th century. Many however are dated before 1735. I've tried to select those of which I'm rather sure that they cover the W.A.S..

FIG. F-1 shows the grenadier cap as most probably was worn by the regiment Gardes to Voet and all the 'Oranje'-regiments. Red cap and lining; front plate of yellow copper, showing the Stadtholderweapon flanked by 2 climbing lions and the motto 'JE MAINTIENDRAI' or `PRO PATRIA'. The bag probably was blue with white lace.

FIG. F-2 shows a possible variant for the regiment OranjeFriesland, bearing the inscription 'WOF'.

FIG. F-3 shows the frontplate of the cap of the former marine-regiment Van Rijssel.

FIG. F-4 shows the cap of the Swiss grenadiers. It was of brown/black fur, with a red bag and a white knot. The top of the cap for the Gardes was more flat and rounded.

FIG. F-5 shows a wall painting of a grenadier cap of the Scots regiment Marjoribanks of about 1750, probably being also worn during the W.A.S.. The black fur cap boar the inscription ' NEMO ME IMPUNE LACESSIT' on the frontplate. The sack was red with white lace and knot. The entire regiment Colyear seems to have worn the traditional British grenadier cap.

FIG. F-6 is the grenadier fur cap of the Walloon regiment Lillers. It was made of black-brown fur, with a copper granate on a blue field, laced white.

Uniforms of the States Army 1745-1748


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