Chronology of
Military Conflicts in Burma

1300AD to 1600AD

by Rudy Scott Nelson




1300…………Yuan governor in Yunnan raids Shan land in retaliation for attacks on Pagan They siege the walled town of Myinsaing.
1300s…………Arakan vs Bengali towns. Numerous seaborne raids conducted by both sides. Major battle fought at Chittagong. Arakan controls Chittagong
1310…………The Burmans of Toungoo revolt against the Shan
1310…………The Shan of Kyaukse revolt against rival Shan towns
1320…………Maw Shan tribes attack Pinya and Sagaing
1320-50………Shan migrating tribes invade Arakan. Attacks Pawya and Myinsaing
1331………….Sukhotai raids Talaing lands of Martaban
1332-34………Yuan China-Mongols attack Shan towns in northern Burma
1350…………Toungoo-Burmans vs Kyaukse-Shan
1356…………Talaings of Martaban-Pegu vs Chieng-mai invaders. The invaders burn Donwun, Sittaung and Taikkala before being defeated by Talaing forces.
1359…………Toungoo raids lands of Kyaukse
1363…………Chieng-mai invaders + Talaing exiles capture Martaban. Captial moves to Donwun
1369…………Cheing-mai captures Donwun. The Talaing capital moves to Pegu
1369…………Pegu vs Dogon (Talaing exiles + Moslem merchants)
1371…………Mohnyin vs Kale
1371-1415 THE AVA-PEGU WAR or SHAN-TALAING WAR…Upper Burma under the Shan with the main city of Ava conducts a long war with the Talaing of Lower Burma whose main city is Pegu.

1371………..Initial Ava attacks on Pegu.
1373………..Ava vs Mohnyin. The Shan of northern Mohnyin attack Ava controlled villages
1374-1430…Arakan is invaded by Ava and Honswadi Pegu during their war with each other.
1385……….Dogon vs Pegu. Talaing exiles capture Pegu and gain control of the throne
1385……….Ava vs Pegu. Shan-Burmans of Ava are repulsed by the Talaings of Pegu
1387……….Ava vs Pegu. Shan-Burmans are repulsed and pegu launches counter-attacks. Martaban is captured. The Talaing armies are halted at Bassein.
1390……….Pegu captures Myaungmya
1390-1414…Honswadi Pegu lands are raided by Chieng-mai and Kampeng-pei forces with Siam support
1393………Ava + Yamethin vs Mohnyin
1400………Arakan as an ally of Pegu invades Ava
1400………The Honswadi dynasty of Pegu vs Ava + Prome
1404……….Ava vs Arakan towns. Tha battle of Hnanwin Hill
1406……….Ava + Kale vs Mohnyin
1406……….Pegu vs Ava. Talaing forces launch a major invasion of Ava territory
1407……….Pegu invades Ava again. Sieges Prome
1408………Pegu invades Ava again. Talaings win the major battle of Pankyaw
1409………Ava invades Pegu but is defeated.
1410………Ava with 20,000 men attacks Bassein but fail to capture it.
1410………Zimme as allies of Ava attack Martaban which is supported by Pegu
1410………Ava expedition into Arakan attacks a Talaing garrison at Sandoway but is repulsed.
1412……….Ava captures several major towns in Arakan.
1412……….Ava defeats Shan rebels at Thinni. The Shans are reinforced by Chinese from Yunnan but the combined force is defeated by the Burmans.
1412………Talaing forces defeat Burmans near Pegu and pursue to Prome. The Talaing siege of Prome is broken by a Burman relief force from Ava.
1413……….Pegu launches a combined sea and land campaign to re-conquer Arakan
1413……….Ava vs Hsenwi. The Ava Shan won at the Battle of Wetwin
1413-14……Ava under Miwrekyawswa defeat the Talaings in several set battles.
1414……….The Shan of Hsenwi ally with the Talaings of Pegu.
1414……….Ava + Myedu vs Mawdow + Hawke
1415……….Ava vs Mawdow + Hawke. Raids continue between the towns.
1415……….Ava attacks Bassein but are defeated.
1415……….Ava’s Miwrekyawswa is killed in single combat at the Battle of Dalla.
1415……….Ava invades lower Burma but are defeated by the Talaings of Pegu
1415……….Major battle at Myedu between Ava and a Shan confederation of NE Burma
1420……….Momeik troops ally with Yuan forces in their war with Chieng-mai
1420 ………Arakan exiles + Gaur Moslems vs Mrohaung. Mrohaung is captured
1423……….Ava vs Pegu. Raids between the two powers
1421……….Burmese Chiang Mai ally invades Siam to support a revolt in the north.
1426……….Bengal India invades Arakan
1426-27……Ava involved in a civil war
1427-35……Ava conducts successful campaigns against Toungoo and Penle
1428……….Ava vs Pegu (Talaing)-Toungoo (Burman) alliance. Battle fought at Prome
1430-40……Shan Mogaung vs Arakan
1444……….Ava Burmans defeat an invading Chinese force from Yunnan
1449……….Chinese from Yunnan defeats a Shan army from Mogaung + Monyin
1446……….The Yunnan government invades Ava territory. Conducts mainly raids
1459……….Arakanese of Mrohaung capture Chittagong in India
1460s………Pegu + Toungoo vs Shan Ava
1469……….Ava vs Toungoo + Pegu
1475……….Ava + Hsipaw vs Yawnghwe
1476……….Ava defeats and captures Kawliya
1488……….Momeik vs Hsenwi + Unreliable Mohnyin levy
1492……….Toungoo-Burman captures Kyaungbya-Talaing
1500……….Mohnyin vs Ava
1501………..Pegu vs Prome
1508……….Ava Civil War
1508……….Toungoo invades Ava trying to influence the selection of a new ruler
1508-12……Mohnyin vs Ava + Onbaung. Mohnyin won after several costly campaigns
1510……….Shan towns of Mohnyin + Unbaung vs Prome + Taungu
1520……….Mohnyin vs Kale
1520……….Mohnyin + Prome vs Ava + Unbaung. Mohnyin forces won
1524……….Mohnyin vs Wetwin + Hsipaw + Ava. Mohnyin won
1527……….Mohnyin + Prome vs Ava. The final defeat for Ava .
1533……….Mohnyin + vassal Ava vs Prome.
1535……….Toungoo-Burmans invade Talaing territory in Lower Burma. The towns of Bassein and Myaungmya are captured. The assault on Pegu fails.
1536……….Mohnyin + vassal Ava captures Pegu
1538……….Mohnyin + vassal Ava vs Prome + Talaing exiles. Mohnyin-Ava won. Ava uses Moslem mercenaries from India.
1539……….Toungoo-Burmans capture Talaing dominated Pegu
1539……….Prome + Ava vs Toungoo. The Burmans of Toungoo attack Shan controlled Prome. Prome receives support from Ava + Mohnyin and other Shan cities in Upper Burma. The Bumans. were defeated.
1541……….Battle of Martaban. Toungoo + Talaing vassals + Portuguese mercenaries (700 men) assault the well defended walled town of Martaban-Talaing with also have hired 100 Portuguese with seven ships. The Martaban troops repel the first assault. Though numerous sorties occurred during the seven month siege, a final assault consists of fire rafts which burn most of the Portuguese ships and jingals deployed on elevated platforms mounted on rafts. The jingals are high enough to fire down into the town.

1542…………Mohnyin + Hsipaw + vassal Ava + Prome + Momeik + four other minor towns vs a Burman coalition lead by Toungoo. Arakan allies are ambushed enroute by the Burman troops and retreat. Toungoo defeated the Shan coalition at the major Battle of Prome. Then captured Prome after a short siege.

1544……Hsipaw + their new Ava vassal + 6 Shan towns vs Toungoo + Prome + other Burman towns. The Burmans defeated the Shan forces near Prome. The Burman used cannon to sink many of the Shan canoes.

1546-47……..Toungoo-Pegu invades Arakan-Mrohaung. The Buman-Shan levies attack by land. The Talaing + Portuguese mercs attack by sea. The Burmans are supported by Arakanese from Sandoway. The initial assault fails. A siege is began but lifted when the Siam-Shan begin to raid Lower Burma.

1547-49……..Tippera mercenaries are hired by Pegu to raid Mrohaung Arakan ships and land.
1550………..Martaban Talaings revolt and capture Dagon and Dalla.
1551……….Portuguese Mercenaries attack rebel Talaings in the delta region.
1551………Burmans + Talaings + Portuguese + Mon Shan vs Talaing rebels near Myogyi. Burmans recapture Myede and Prome
1552……….Burmans launch several expeditions to capture major rebel leaders and their small retinues.
1555………..Ava-Shan revolts against Toungoo Burmans
1557……….Mone-Shan revolts against Toungoo-Burmans
1556-59……Most Shan towns revolt including Mohnyin, Momeik, Kale, Hsipaw, Mogaung and eight other towns. Several Toungoo expeditions are launched to quell the revolts.
1557……….Chieng-mai begins to raid Burman territory
1562……….Toungoo troops attack Koshan-Pyu towns in Yunnan province
1562……….Shan-Mohnyin revolts against the Burmans
1564……….Shan and Talaings revolt in the Pegu area.
1568……….Burmese forces enter Si Sattana Khanahut territory and attempt to conquer the Siamese ally. After being ambushed numerous times the Burmese withdraw back to Siam.
1568……… A Si Sattana Khanahut army sieges Burmese forces at Phitsanulok in Siam. The Burmese forces later defeat the Si Sattana Khanahut army sent to assist the Siamese at the Battle of Saraburi.
1580………Khymer forces from Kamphuca/Cambodia invade eastern Siam. A Siamese army of 3000 infantry +500 mcavalry defeats a Khymer force of 10,000 men.
1581-1600…..A period of almost yearly revolts by various Shan and Talaing towns
1581……….Burmese vs Khang Maung (Shan) revolt in northern Siam. A force of 2,000 Burmese + 1,000 Siamese assault and capture the town.
1581…………Toungoo-Pegu vs Sandoway-Arakan
1583…………Shan based at Ava vs Burman Civil war
1584…………Shan tribes assist Siamese vs invasion by Kamphaengphet in Laos. A major battle called Tamen Mae Raka is fought where the Siamese alliance won.
1590………..Burmese forces attack the Shan town of Maung Khang
1591………..Siamese forces defeat Khymer troops from Kamphucha
1599………..Siam + Chaing Mai vs Burmese Ally Lan Chaing
1599……….Siam + Chaing Mai vs Si Sattankanahut invasion with Burmese financing from Laos
1599…………Arakanese + exile Toungoos capture the town of Syriam near Pegu
1600…………Arakan raid Pegu lands.

Chronology of Military Conflicts in Burma


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