The French Air Force
in World War II

The Machines

by Karl E. Wiegers



Table 1 presents some information about the major types of aircraft which served with the French Air Force during World War II.

Table 1: French Aircraft
ModelTypeYear
Introduced
Maximum
Speed
Number
Built
Number of
Squadrons
Bloch MBA 52F19383235938
Curtiss-Hawk 75AF19393033005
Devvoitine D.520F19403297405
Morane-Saultier MS.406F1939302108157
Potez Po.631F19382732085
Amiot Am.143R/B19351931389
Bloch MB.174/1175R/LB194032975-
Breguet Bre.690LB1939300225-
Farman Far.222HB1937199--
Potez Po.633LB1938273350-
Potez Po. 63. 11R1938273748-
SNCASE LeO.451MB193930747224
F = fighter; B = bomber; R = reconnaissance; L = light; M - medium; H heavy; all speeds in miles per hour

The French were very short of dive bombers, with only about 54 available in May of 1940. The heavy bombing force was based upon the Farman Far.222 and related models, although three bombing groups were equipped with the Amiot 143. All of these planes were slow, obsolete, and aesthetic nightmares. Several effective light and medium bombers were available, such as the Bloch 174/175 series and the LeO 451. Very few Bloch 175 (the 174 was the reconnaissance variant) light bombers were completed before the capitulation on June 22, 1940, but the Liore et Olivier LeO.451 was in service with eight bombing groups.

Several types of aircraft were operated by the 26 French fighter groups which were ready for action when the blitzkrieg began. 19 of the groups flew the Morane-Saulnier 406, which was too slow and too poorly armed to compete effectively with the German Messerschmitts. The Dewoitine D.520 was a much better airplane; the five squadrons operating these fighters scored a 147:85 kill ratio in air-to-air combat with their opponents.

The Bloch MB.152 (representative of the series MB.150 through MB.1157; the latter was superb machine with a top speed of 441 miles per hour, but was never put into production) was a mediocre airplane, but the Germans respected it enough to impress some 173 survivors of the fighting into the Axis air forces. The Potez 63 series encompassed twin-engine fighters (Po.631, which equipped squadrons of both the Armee de l'Air and the Aeronavale, the French Naval Air Force), light attack bombers (Po.633, which also saw service with Greece and Romania), and reconnaissance aircraft (Po.637 and Po.63.11, of which the latter was eventually used by the Luftwaffe, Free French, Vichy French, and other air forces). In addition to these French models, five squadrons operated the Curtiss-Hawk 75A, which was the export version of the American P-36 Mohawk.

More French Air Force in World War II


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