Wars and Significant Battles
on the Southern Plains

1600s and 1700s

by Rudy Scott Nelson



This list includes only the periods of extended wars in which an end to the conflict can be identified. It also includes a few larger battles. It must be remembered that warfare between the various tribes was constant with hasty attacks conducted against enemy hunting parties that were accidentally encountered as well as planned assaults being launched against rival villages. These skirmishes were certainly annual if not monthly in nature. To list every occurrence would require volumes of listings. Below are some selected events that should provide the reader with an insight as to the amount of turmoil that embroiled the Plains area even without the presence of the Euro-Americans.

1601…….Spanish expedition (70+) is attacked by the unidentified Escanjaques (1500)
1600s….Osage continuously raid Wichita and Pawnee villages in Oklahoma and Kansas
1600s…..Osage frequently raid Caddo villages in East Texas
1692…….Apache raiders defeat the Wichita on the Arkansas River
1697……. Apache raiders repulsed by gun-armed Wichita on the Arkansas River
Pre-1700……Comanche + Ute vs Plains Apache (Lipan, Mescalero and Jicarilla) The Comanches in their southern migration fought constantly with the Apache.
1700-1747…Migration patterns bring the Comanche into conflict with the Wichita tribes
1700-1760…Comanche vs Arikara villages along the Missouri River
1700- 1770s…Comanche vs Cheyenne + Arapaho mainly in the Wyoming area
1706……Apache raiding force is defeated by Pawnee + French traders in Kansas
1716……Spanish attack a village of Comanche + Ute in the New Mexico area
1719…… Apache raiders are defeated by Pawnee + Wichita + French traders in Kansas
1720……Spanish Expedition to destroy French Traders along the Missouri. Pawnee allies of the French destroy the force
1724……Battle of El Gran de el Fierro. A massive battle between the Comanche + Ute vs a coalition of Apache tribes. After nine days of fighting the Apache retreated.
1730-1786… The Comanche-Ute War. As with most Plains Wars, it consisted of annual raids between the two factions. After an early stalemate of several years, the Comanche drove the Utes off the plains and into the mountainous area of Utah.
1740s….Comanche vs Pawnee war parties. The Pawnee leave Kansas and move to Nebraska. Pawnee continue to raid Comanche villages for years to obtain horses.
1746…..Comanche vs Pawnee + Osage war party
1747…Wars with Ute and Apache, cause the Comanche and Wichita to make peace.
1750-58… Osage armed with muskets burn several Wichita towns in OK and Kansas forcing them to migrate SW to the Red River area.
1750…..A brief unsatisfactory alliance between the Ute + Jicarilla Apache vs Comanche
1750-1800… Lipan Apache attack non-Apache tribes in East Texas (Caddo, Manso, Jano, Tonkawan and Comanche) 1751….Comanche + Pawnee force defeat Osage
1757…Comanche vs Spanish in Texas
1758…Comanche + Wichita + Taovaya + Tonkawa + Tawakon attack Spanish mission on the San Saba River in Texas
1759….Spanish expedition (130 soldiers w/ 2 cannon + 240 volunteers + 120 Pueblo/Apache) march to attack any Comanche + Wichita + Taovaya + Tonkawa + Tawakon villages. A Tonkawa village is burned on the Canadian River. Comanche + Wichita + 14 French traders defeats the Spanish force on the Red River in Oklahoma. It is the main Wichita-Taovaya town which has a palisade and moat. Near it is the main Comanche camp. During the retreat, the Spanish expedition loses more men.

1760-1786…The Texas Turmoil. Spanish vs Comanche, Spanish vs Lipan Apache, Comanche vs Lipan Apache. Devastating raids between the three Texas powers.
1761…Comanche destroys a Spanish military post on the Neuces River
1770….Kiowa vs Dakota
1770s…Tennessee Cherokees vs Osage and Quapaw in Arkansas
1774…..Battle of Spanish Peaks New Mexico. Spanish (600) force of regular troops, militia + Pueblo tribes defeat a large Comanche raiding party.
1780-1805…Comanche-Kiowa War
1779…..Spanish + Ute + Apache combined force defeats a Comanche raiding party.
1780-85…Spanish forces defeat small raiding parties of Comanche + Wichita in Texas
1780-1840… Cheyenne + Arapaho vs Ute, Pawnee Kiowa and Comanche in annual raids
1785-86… A temporary alliance between Comanche, Utes and Spanish result in a successful campaign against Lipan Apache villages
1789……Comanche + Wichita raiders are defeated by Osage in Missouri
1789-90…Comanche raiders attack against any non-Comacnhe villages in southern Tx.
1770s…Migrated Arkansas Cherokees vs Osage in Arkansas
1790-93…Pawnee raid Comanche villages trying to obtain horses
1791 & 1797….Comanche defeat Osage raiding parties
1797…Mississippi Choctaws vs Caddos in East Texas and eastern Oklahoma

Wars and Significant Battles on the Southern Plains


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© Copyright 2002 by Rudy Scott Nelson
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