ACOLAPISSA. Located on the pearl River near its mouth. Settled near New Orleans around 1720. Merged with other tribes in the 1700s. Fought the Chickasaw and the Natchitoches.

BAYOUGOULA. Located on the Lower Mississippi River near Bayou Goula. Later in the 1720s, moved to the area near New Orleans and merged withother remanent tribes located there. Fought the Houma, Taensa, Chitimacha and Mugulasha. They had 100 warriors in 1699 and only 40 warriors in 1725. They supplied 20 warriors to the French Expedition against the Chitimacha in 1707.

BILOXI. A Siouan language tribe located on the Biloxi Bay and Pascagoula River. They tended to migrate to several locations along the Gulf coast, in Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas during the 1700s and early 1800s. They have a limited military history. They supplied 15 warriors to the French Expedition against the Chitimacha in 1707.

CADDO. AKA Texas or Tejas. A large group of Tribes located along the Mississippi River from Arkansas to Northern Louisiana and to Eastern Texas. It included the tribes of the Natchitoches, Hasinai, Kadohadacho, Adai, Tula and Eyeish. More data can be found in the article covering the Texas Indians. The Tula fought the Spanish under DeSoto and were regarded as the best warriors faced by the expedition.

CHAWASHA. A major branch of the Chitimacha or an allied nation. They consisted of three main tribes Chawasha, Washa and Okelousa. They were located on the Mississippi River above the delta.They fought DeSoto in 1543 and reportedly used atlatls. Located on LaFourche Bayou in 1700. Contributed 40 warriors to the French expedition against the Chitimacha. In 1700 they had 200 warriors by the end of the Chickasaw War their warrior strength had dropped to 30 men. Chepoussa. ??

CHICKASAW. The dominant nation in this region. In my opinion, they were as dominant in this region as the Iroquois were in the Northeast. They obtained guns from the English colonies on the Atlantic coast. They terrorized the local tribes with their devastating slave raids. They were never defeated in a war by neither Native or European power. Chickasaws are noted as using javlins, fire arrows (an herb placed onto the arrow point and lit) and of course English muskets.

CHITIMACHA. Located along the Gulf of Mexico between the La Teche and Lafourche Bayous. Fought the Taensa in 1706. fought a major war with the French and their allies during 1707-18. They became the target for French raids to obtain women for their colonists. Most moved to the Mississippi Riveer area after the war. Last report of any warrior strength was 27 men in 1784.

CHOCTAW. A major nation in western Alabama and eastern Mississippi. Often regarded as a peace loving agrarian people. However they participated in numerous campaigns against the Chickasaw and Muskogee nations. The nation suffered a civil war which was fought between pro-French and pro-British factions. They used hickory bows.

HOUMA. Located on the eastern bank of the Mississippi River near the mouth of the Red River. Moved tp near New Orleans around 1706. An early ally of the French. Often sent warriors to accompany French military expeditions. Many died of disease and others due to a war with the Tunica. Merged with the Acolapissa and Bayougoula in about 1739.An estimated 350 warriors in 1700, 200 warriors in 1718 and 100 warriors of the merged tribes in 1739.

KOROA. Aka Coliga or Coligua by DeSoto/ Spanish. Originally located near Little Rock Arkansas, the Nation split into several distinct groups. One migrated to the Yazoo River, another remained west of the Mississippi River and a third may have settled near the Natchez. The Mississippi river tribes were defeated by Quapaw and Illinois warbands around 1704 and migrated to the Yazoo River area. They joined the Yazoo and Natchez to fight the French and contributed about 40 warriors. They were defeated by a Choctaw and Chakchiuma war party early in the war. Later they were decimated by the Quapaw and merged with Chickasaw, Choctaw and refugee Yazoo.

NATCHITOCHES. Commonly located on the modern city of Nashitosh on the Mississippi River. Located from 1702-14 on thenorthern bank of Lake Pontchartrain. A Caddo Confederation tribe most often fought by the Indians of the Gulf Coast and Mississippi River region. Merged with other Caddo tribes in the early 1800s and migrated to Texas and Oklahoma. Fought the Acolapissa and Allied with the French to attack the Natchez. They had about 200 warriors in 1700 and by 1719 due to war losses, disease and migrations the number had dropped to 40 warriors.

NATCHEZ An early anti-French nation located on the Mississippi River. After a revolt against French rule, the entire nation was marked for extermination by the French. Refugees sought shelter with the Chickasaw and continued to fight the French. They used bows of Black Locust wood. They used spears 6 to 7 feet long with flint barbs and later iron barbs.

QUAPAW. Originally they were located in the Ohio Valley and had migrated to the juncture of the Mississippi and the Arkansas River. A formidable ally of the French in the area. They had over 500 warriors in 1700 and contributed at least 300 warriors to the French expeditions against the Chickasaw. They attacked from the north and focused mainly on the Chickasaw allies. They destroyed the Koroa, Toui and the Yazoo during the 1730s. They migrated west when the United States took over the area. They used bows made of Osage Orange wood.

TAENSA. Aka Chosha by the Chitimacha. Located on the western bank of Lake St Joseph in NE Louisiana when contacted by DeSoto. They had migrated to the area of Manchac due to fear of attack by the Chickasaw and Yazoo. Later they migrated several more times. They fought wars with the Yazoo, Chickasaw, Bayougoula and Chitimacha

TIOU. During the 1600s they split with some settling with the Natchez and others moving near the Yazoo. Considered anti-French and both groups were decimated during the Natchez and Chickasaw Wars. They fought the Chickasaw prior to the arrival of the French. The Yazoo segment was eliminated by the Quapaw in the 1730s.

TUNICA. Located in Northwestern Mississippi and the surrounding area. They migated to the mouth of the Yazoo River by the 1680s. Conflict with the Yazoo and Chickasaw forced them to migrate to the Houma villages along the Red River. There they defeated the Houma and occupied the villages. Often allied with the French espicially during the Natchez and Chickasaw Wars. They migrated west around 1800. They had about 250 warriors in 1700 and were reduced to 50-60 warriors in 1758.

YATASI. A Caddo tribe located on the Red River. Often at war with the Chickasaw. They had an estimated 200 warriors in 1700 and only 80 men by 1718. Allied with the French and sent warriors with several military expeditions against the Chickasaw. By 1800 most had migrated west with other Caddo tribes.

YAZOO. Located in Mississippi along the Yazoo River. Considered to be pro-Chickasaw and anti-French. Allied with the Natchez and Chickasaw during the Natchez War and captured Fort St Peter. They allied themselves with the Tiou and Koroa against the Quapaw but were defeated. Refugees later merged with local Chickasaw and Choctaw tribes.

More Native American: Mississippi River Valley, its Delta and the Northern Gulf Coast

Introduction
Sketch of Native Nation Characteristics
Chronology of Native American Nation Conflicts