These are intended to add greater realism at the cost of more complexity. Naturally, both players must agree to their use.

1. US/UK Doctrine

To reflect American and British air doctrine, only 1 GS mission per turn may involve type B bomber units. Only 1 GS mission per month may involve HB bomber units.

2. Soviet Tactical Air Doctrine

To reflect Soviet air doctrine, only two non-GS/DAS bombing missions may be flown per turn by types F, A, D, V, or H.

3. French Ineffectiveness

In May, 1940 the French Air Force flew significantly fewer sorties per day than did the Luftwaffe. French fighters flew an average of .9 sorties per day while many Luftwaffe units flew up to four sorties per day. From 1939 to the end of 1940 halve all French bombing strengths, and French fighters may fly only one mission per game turn (not player turn).

4. Patrol

Restrict all patrol attacks to no deeper than the enemy's front line. In cases where there is no definite front line, in Tunisia for example, both sides may conduct patrol attacks in the no man's land. If any one side attains what can be agreed upon as 'air supremacy', such as the Allies had in France in 1944, there is no restriction on that side's patrols. It's up to the players to implement this in an agreeable manner or use an umpire.

5. USAAF/RAF Pilots

Starting Jan I 1945 American and British fighters receive a -1 die modifier when attacking other nations' air units in air-to-air combat.

6. Soviet Pilots

Starting Jan I 45 remove the effects of FitE/SE Rule 24C, whereby German, Finnish, and Italian fighters receive a -1 modifier to the die in air-to-air attacks on non-Guards Soviet planes.

Chrome Rules

Added Spice.

1. Bombers As Transports

Modify FitE/SE Rule 39G1 so that the listed bombers may carry only 1/2 RE of units or 1 RE of supply (Fred Helfferich's idea).

2. Soviet Guards

Soviet Guards air units flying harassment are not restricted by Optional Rule 2 above.

3. Harassment Bonus

For every twelve tactical bombing points placed on an enemy unit in the air phase, roll one die-a roll of six results in an immediate 2-RE loss to the defending stack. Prior to the die roll the defenders may shoot their flak. This only applies when the air units are placed directly over the ground units in the air phase. There is still no AA fire on harassing planes in the movement phase and the maximum number of harassment hits is still two.

Bibliography

Bradley, Omar N., and Air Effect Committee, 12th Army Group; Effect of Air Power on Military Operations, Western Europe; Wiesbaden, Germany, 1945

Craven, Wesley Frank, and Cate, James Lea, eds.; The Army Air Forces in World War II, Volume Two, Europe: Torch to Pointblank, August 1942 to December 1943, and Volume Three, Europe: Argument to V-E Day January 1944 to May 1946; University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1949-1951

Deichmann, Paul, German Air Force Operations in Support of the Army; Arno Press, New York, 1962

Hallion, Richard P.; Strike from the Sky, The History of Battlefield Air Attack 1911 - 1945; Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 1989

Hardesty, Von; Red Phoenix, The Rise of Soviet Air Power 1941-1945, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 1982

Headquarters, Army Air Forces; Condensed Analysis of the Ninth Air Force in the European Theater of Operations; Office of Air Force History, 1946, reprinted 1984.

McFarland, Stephen L., and Newton, Wesley Phillips; To Command the Sky, The Battle for Air Supremacy Over Germany, 1942 - 1944; Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., 1991

Muller, Richard Russel; The German Air Force and the Campaign Against the Soviet Union, 1941-1945, unpublished doctoral dissertation, University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor, 1990

Plocher, Hermann; The German Air Force versus Russia, 1942; Arno Press, New York, 1966

Plocher, Hermann; The German Air Force versus Russia, 1943; Arno Press, New York, 1966

Terraine, John; A Time for Courage, The Royal Air Force in the European War, 1939-1945; MacMillan, New York, 1985

"Messing" with the Europa Air System

Introduction
1. The Popularity of GS missions
2. Type B Bombers
3. Harassment
4. Patrol Attacks
5. Gratuitous Air Missions
6. DAS Reconsidered and a Revised Air Sequence
7. Optional Rules