The Rock Against Napoleon:
The Importance of Gibraltar
to the Napoleonic Wars
Bibliography and Footnotes
by Cole H. KeKelis, USA
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Footnotes[1] H.W. Howes, The Story of Gibraltar, (London: Philip & Tacey, Ltd., 1946), p. 9.[2] Ernle Bradford, The History of a Fortress: Gibraltar, (London: Rupert Hart-Davies, 1971), p. 13. [3] Treaty of Utrecht, translation, M.S. extract found in British and Foreign State Papers, 1812-1814, (London, James Ringway and Sons), 1: 611-615. [4] John D. Stewart, Gibraltar: the Keystone, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1967), pp.153-154. [5] John D. Stewart, Gibraltar: the Keystone, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1967), from title of cited work. [6] Robert Browning, “Home-Thoughts, From the Sea,” Browning’s Shorter Poems, John William Cunliffe, Ed., (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1909), pg. 42. [7] A.T. Mahan, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History: 1660-1783, (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1918), pg. 33. [8] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Inc., 1987), quoting Earl St. Vincent, pg. 184. [9] Jedediah Stephens Tucker, Memoirs of Admiral the Right Hon. The Earl of St. Vincent, (London: Richard Bentley, 1844), pp. 139-140. [10] John Holland Rose, ed., Select Despatches from the British Foreign Office Archives Relating to the Formation of the Third Coalition Against France: 1804-1805, (London: Offices of the Royal Historical Society, 904), pp. 24-26. [11] L.G. Wickham Legg, ed., British Diplomatic Instructions: 1689-1789, (London: Offices of the Society, 1934), 49: 193-195. [12] A. Beckford Bevan and H.B. Wolryche-Whitmore, eds., A Sailor of King George: The Journals of Captain Frederick Hoffman, R.N., 1793-1814, (London: John Murray, 1901), pg 216. [13] Maurice Harvey, Gibraltar, (London: Spellmount Limited, 1996), pg. 109. [14] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Inc., 1987), pg. 206. [15] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Inc., 1987), pg. 209. [16] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Inc., 1987), pg. 209. [17] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Inc., 1987), quoting Napoleon Bonaparte, pg. 211. [18] George Hills, Rock of Contention: A History of Gibraltar, (London: Robert Hale & Company, 1974), pp. 367-368. [19] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London: Associated University Presses, Ltd., 1987), pg. 212. [20] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Ltd., 1987), pg. 213. [21] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Inc., 1987), pg. 214. [22] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Ltd., 1987), pg. 214. [23] Jackson, pg. 220. [24] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Ltd., 1987), pp. 220-221. [25] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Ltd., 1987), pg. 222. [26] George Hills, Rock of Contention: A History of Gibraltar, (London: Robert Hale & Company, 1974), pg. 365. [27] G.T. Garratt, Gibraltar and the Mediterranean, (New York: Coward McCann, Inc., 1939), pg. 107. [28] G.T. Garratt, Gibraltar and the Mediterranean, (New York: Coward McCann, Inc., 1939), pg. 112. [29] George Hills, Rock of Contention: A History of Gibraltar, (London: Robert Hale & Company, 1974), pg. 365. [30] Oliver Warner, The Life and Letters of Vice-Admiral Lord Collingwood, (London: Oxford University Press, 1968), pg. 158. [31] G.T. Garratt, Gibraltar and the Mediterranean, (New York: Coward McCann, Inc., 1939), quoting Nelson, pg. 105. [32] George P.B. Naish, ed., Nelson’s Letters to His Wife And Other Documents: 1785-1831, (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1958), pg. 324. [33] A.Beckford Bevan and H.B. Wolryche-Whitmore, eds., A Sailor of King George: The Journals of Captain Frederick Hoffman, R.N., 1793-1814, (London: John Murray, 1901), pg. 203. [34] Lavery, Brian, ed., Shipboard Life and Organisation: 1731-1815, (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 1998), pg. 590. [35] Thomas Huskisson, Eyewitness to Trafalgar, (London: Ellisons’ Editions, 1985), pp. 62-76. [36] G.T. Garratt, Gibraltar and theMediterranean, (New York: Coward McCann, Inc., 1939), pg. 105. [37] A.T. Mahan, Influence of Sea Power Upon the French Revolution and Empire, as quoted in G.T. Garratt, Gibraltar and the Mediterranean, (New York: Coward McCann, Inc., 1939), pg. 107. [38] G.T. Garratt, Gibraltar and the Mediterranean, (New York: Coward McCann, Inc., 1939), quoting Fox on pp. 101-102. [39] George Hills, Rock of Contention: A History of Gibraltar, (London: Robert Hale & Company, 1974), pp. 360-361. [40] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Ltd., 1987), pg. 203. [41] William Thomas Laprade, ed., Parliamentary Papers of John Robinson: 1774-1784, (London: Offices of the Society, 1922), pp. 135-155. [42] G.T. Garratt, Gibraltar and the Mediterranean, (New York: Coward McCann, Inc., 1939), quoting A.T. Mahan, pg. 107. [43] A.T. Mahan, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History: 1660-1783, (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1918), pg. 328. [44] Ernle Bradford, The History of a Fortress: Gibraltar, (London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1971), quoting Dr. Field, pg. 160. [45] William Burney, The Naval Heroes of Great Britain, (London: J.G. Barnard, 1806), pg. 77. [46] Thomas Huskisson, Eyewitness to Trafalgar, (London: Ellisons’ Editions, 1985), pp. 63-75. [47] Count de Las Cases, Memoirs of the Life, Exile, and Conversations, of the Emperor Napoleon, in four volumes, (London: Richard Bentley, 1836), 1: 308. [48] Sir William G.F. Jackson, The Rock of the Gibraltarians: A History of Gibraltar, (London and Toronto: Associated University Presses, Inc., 1987), pg. 211. [49] John Charles Fox, ed., The Official Diary of Lieutenant-General Adam Williamson, Deputy-Lieutenant of the Tower of London: 1722, 1747, (London: Offices of the Royal Historical Society, 1912), pg. 47. [50] Jack Russell, Gibraltar Besieged: 1779-1783, (London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1965), pg.1. [51] T.H. McGuffie, The Siege of Gibraltar: 1779-1783, (London: B.T. Batsford, Ltd.,1965),pg.14. [52] G.R. Barnes and J.H. Owen, eds., The Private Papers of John, Earl of Sandwich, First Lord of the Admiralty: 1771-1782, (London: for the Navy Records Society, 1988), Vol. 4: 318. [53] Gibraltar and Its Sieges, (London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1884), pg. 158, author not listed. [54] George Hills, Rock of Contention: A History of Gibraltar, (London: Robert Hale & Company, 1974), pg. 365. The Rock Against Napoleon The Importance of Gibraltar to the Napoleonic Wars
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