Muskogean Wars

Major Muskogee Conflicts
and Battles: American Revolution

by Rudy Scott Nelson


1776-83 AMERICAN REVOLUTION. A vast majority of the Muscogee tribes supported the British including Mico Cowkeeper. Several of the tribes located near Patriot stongholds migrated to northern Florida. Others were kept "On Call" by the various British Indian Agents. Unfortunately many of these Native assets were not used properly by the military. However as always it was not unanimous. The Tallassee Mico, Cussita Mico and many of the smaller non-Muscogee tribes in the Lower Creek area were Pro-Patriot.
1776 Jul 15 : Rayborn Creek SC. Creek or Cherokee skirmish with South Carolina militia.
1777 Feb 2-9 : Fort McIntosh, Georgia (Camden County). Loyalist troops from East Florida including Creeks/Seminoles capture the fort after a series of skirmishes and a brief siege
1777 May 15 : Sawpit Bluff, Florida. Patriots skirmish with Creek/Seminole Indians.
1777 May 17 : Thomas' Swamp, FL. Loyalist Florida Rangers(50), Creeks/Seminole and regulars(73) under Col Prevost defeated Col Baker's Patriot force (109).
1777 July Ft Barrington, GA. Seminoles under Cowkeeper raid and skirmish with Patriot militia.
1778 Entire year: The Upper Creeks conducted several raids against Patriot outposts in Georgia
1778 Jun 30 : Alligator Bridge, Florida. Florida Rangers with Creek warriors were surprised but defeated a Patriot cavalry force under Gen Robert Howe.
Nov 19 : Spencer's Hill, Georgia. Lt Col McGirth with Rangers + Loyal Refugees + Creeks ambush a Patriot column under Col Baker. The Patriots retreated.
Nov 24 : Midway Church, GA. British troops under Prevost attack Patriots under Col J. White.
1779 300 Creek warriors raid into South Carolina from their British base at Savannah Ga.
1779 Jan 6-9 : Fort Morris (Sunbury), Georgia. British force (2000) under Prevost attack the fort garrisoned by 200 regular troops.
1779 Mar 3 , Briar Creek , Georgia. A BR force (inc Florida Rangers-50; Boyd's SC Loyal Militia-200; SC Loyal Arty-2 guns) defend against a Patriot force trying to capture Augusta..
1779 Nov 19 : Spencer Hill Ga. A skirmish between Creeks and Patriot militia
1780 Mar 14 : Mobile (AL), West Florida. Spanish troops (1000+) defeat the Loyalist + Indian + Regular garrison (300) and capture the fort at Mobile.
1781 Jan, Mobile, AL. A determined effort by the British to recapture Mobile. The attempt failed when all of the regular officers were killed and command fell to a timid Tory officer who elected to withdraw. Chickasaw, Choctaws and Creeks were part of the assault force.
1781 Apr 16- Jun 5, Siege of Augusta, GA. Loyalist Col T Brown's garrison including 50 Creek and/or Cherokee held out against overwelming odds until the Patriots were reinforced by Marion and Lee's Legion. On June 5 the Patriots assaulted and captured the outer fortifications..
1781 May 9, Pensacola, West FL. Spanish troops assault and capture the port after a siege. Its British/Loyalist garrison included Creeks and several other Native tribes
1781 May 14, Nelson's Ferry, SC. Skirmishes as part of the siege of Augusta
1781 May 21, Silver Bluff, SC. Skirmishes as part of the siege of Augusta.
1781 May 23-24, Ft Grierson, GA. A successful Patriot assault as part of the siege of Augusta..
1782 May, Savannah Trek. A band of Upper Creek warriors attempted to reach Savannah in order to obtain trade goods. They were attacked and defeated by Georgia militia.
1782 May 21, Ogechee Road, GA. Brief skirmishes with Upper Creek ?.
1782 Jun 23, Ebenezer, GA. Creeks under Guristersigo are defeated by Patriots under Wayne.
1784 Pro Spanish Creeks attack Georgia settlers/squatters as they moved south and westward out of Georgia.


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© Copyright 2001 by Rudy Scott Nelson
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