Almost 80% of the 2,458 artillery pieces in the Polish Army of 1939 were organic elements of the Polish field commands.

Each of the 90 active infantry regiments and the 3 Polish marine battalions had a section of two 75 mm field guns subordinated directly to them. Each of the 30 active infantry divisions had a heavy artillery battalion; at three 105 mm guns and three 155 mm howitzers, these units were at half their intended strength. All 39 active and reserve divisions contained a light artillery regiment of twenty-four 75 mm guns and twelve 100 mm howitzers.

The two motorized brigades each had a motorized artillery battalion of four 75 mm guns and four 100 mm howitzers, and the three mountain brigades were each assigned a mountain battery of four 75 mm guns. The 11 cavalry brigades each fielded a horse artillery battalion with twelve 75 mm guns. The "Kresy", "Nowogrodek ", and "Pomorze " Cavalry Brigades, however, each had a fourth artillery battery of four 75 mm guns attached to its horse artillery battalion.

In addition to the artillery units organic to the Polish field commands, there also were several independent artillery units. Assigned to the "Prusy " Army, the Very Heavy (Motorized) Artillery Regiment contained eighteen 120 mm guns and eighteen 220 mm siege mortars. The Motorized Artillery Regiment of twelve 120 mm guns and eighteen 155 mm howitzers was assigned to the "Karpaty" Army. Each of the seven front-line armies or operational groups and the "Prusy" Army controlled a heavy artillery regiment. These regiments were, however, at very reduced strengths.

The regiments contained only six 105 mm guns and six 155 mm howitzers. Only the 1st Heavy Artillery Regiment, assigned to the "Modlin" Army, was near its full strength, because it included a medium artillery battalion of twelve 120 mm guns.

The Polish Army also fielded several smaller artillery formations, including 12 light artillery battalions (again somewhat understrength at six 155 mm howitzers each.) These battalions were parcelled out to the various front line and reserve commands. The Frontier Guards fielded two field gun batteries of four 75 mm guns each.

The Polish Armed Forces had, over the previous 15 years, established a large number of field fortifications along the German border. In these fortifications they had installed three 4-gun batteries and twenty 3-gun sections of 75 mm fixed guns. Finally, there was a single battery of four 152 nun coastal defense guns established on the Hel Peninsula, protecting the entrance to Danzig Bay.

More Polish Army 1939

Introduction
Cavalry
Mechanized
Artillery
Anti-Air Defense
Air Force
Order of Battle