Regarding Dr. Jude Stackpole – this would almost be a sizeable book by itself, if one really includes all events connected with the ULTRA development and the breaking of the Luftwaffe, Army and Navy codes in that calendaric order.

EDITOR NOTE – Dr. JUDE STACKPOLE (1334-+-1009) was working hard on trying to learn how the British had the latest U-Boat codes at the end of the war, even though they admit they did not break this code. JUDE felt that someone had given or sold these codes to the Brits, but he was killed in a strange accident before he could complete his work. His son, an attorney, threw all his research materials in the trash!

Lack of imagination at higher levels leading to complacency and permitting repetition of ciphers and codes, as that was easier than working up new and different ones, laziness on the part of lower working staff on the radio operators level, mathematically inexcusable stupidity on the part of the organizing and distributing offices for codes that permitted the British to switch over from the simpler weather report codes to the more complicated operational codes, as messages were repeated with identical text and switched without change in wording to the higher grade codes are just some of the contributing factors the British took advantage of smartly.

The traitorous ‘breaks’ did occur before the year in the middle and late 1930’s. Two people sold information to the Czechs and to the French for money. The Czechs used their source to get other information, as the codes did not interest them much. The French could not get anywhere with the purchased papers and turned copies over to the Poles, who had already cracked the Army Enigma machine #I and lateron with the French, helped also with Enigma #II and constructed models of the machine for internal use.

Two of the reconstructed Enigma #II machines were handed to both the French and the British just a few weeks before the war began, and Poland was occupied. Later the French also searched for the Polish mathematicians and code breaker specialists, and arranged for transport via Romania to France to reemploy them but the British could not get technically anywhere with these machines alone until they first broke the simpler Luftwaffe codes in May of 1940, just in time for the coming Battle of Britain.

Duplicated messages sent both in Luftwaffe and Army codes then permitted the British to likewise break the Army codes in the summer of 1940, bur the Navy had already shifted to the Enigma M-3 with additional wheels, thus Bletchley Park could not read the Navy messages until raids on weather ships, capture of some patrol boats in Norway, and finally the capture of the M-3 aboard U-110 on 9 May 1941 with reading tables for two months, allowed the complete break through.

Curiously enough, the two paid traitors before the war were both Nazi Party old-timers who needed money for gambling and fast women. They had been pushed on the Army Abwehr by the Nazi Party in one case and the SS in the second case, because they needed and ‘deserved’ jobs! One even came with the personal recommendation of Heinrich Himmler!!! Admiral Canaris never had anything to do with codes, though the separate Abwehr codes were likewise cracked by Bletchley Park. In fact, the British Secret Service refused to capture Admiral Canaris while he was visiting Algeciras in Spain, because they feared a full-blooded Nazi would immediately take his place.

Triton Code was broken after the British captured solution tables from U-559 (Hans Heidtmann) off Port Said on 30 October 1942.