As descibed by Napoleon, the Army of the North in 1813 was considered to be less than formidable. One of the components o this mixed bag was the composite corps of Lt. General von Walmoden-Grimborn which operated in the Hamburg-Mecklenburg area of Northern Germany for most of 1813. Walmoden's Corps was certainly one of the most colourful (in all meanings of the word) units in the Napoleonic Wars. A rundown of the "nationalities" which comprised the Corps reads like a who's who of the period: Cossacks Prussians Prussian Freikorps Swedes Mecklenburgers Russians British Regulars British KGL Hannoverians Anhalt-Dessau Hanseatic States Germans (in the form of the Russo-German Legion) Along with the varying nationalities, we also find a wealth of varying uniform styles and colours - French, Russian, British, Prussiar uniforms, and red, black, green, and blue colours predominating. Cossacks (1) (2) (4) Sources indicate that 3 to 4 regiments of Cossacks served with Walmoden. Given strenghts go from 4'000, which seems much too high to 1,100, probably closer to the actual strenght. Regiments mentioned are Grekov #1, Komissatev #1 Sulin Don #9, and Denisov #7 Russo-German Legion (1) (2) (10) Mr. Nafziger's source lists the Russo-German Legion infantry as 2 regiments per their Prussian re-organization into the 30th and 31st Line Regts. 1st Line Regt. 1st Bn - 1st R-G Legion Bn, 2nd Bn - 2nd R-G Legion Bn, 3rd Bn - 7th R-G Legion Bn. 2nd Line Regt. 1st Bn - unknown (4th R-G Legion Bn ?), 2nd Bn - 3rd R-G Legion Bn, 3rd Bn - 6th R-G Legion Bn. Other sources state that the 7 battalions were divided into 2 brigades, the 1st, 2nd, 5th and 7th in the first brigade and the 3rd 4th and 6th in the second. Also mentioned is 1 pioneer company, perhaps attached to the Artillery Reserve All sources list the 2 Russo-German Legion Hussar Regiments (4 sqdns each) and Horse Batteries (8 guns each) as being present, along with the Russo-German Legion Jager company. Prussians (2) (3) In his OB for the Army of the Nor+h, 10 August 1813, Mr. Nafziger lists "Prussian Infantry (200)" and in his 15 August 1813 OB he list "Prussian Fusilier Battalion (1)". No mention of this unit is made by other sources. Prussian Freikorps (1) (2) (3) (4) (8) (12) Most sources agree that Lutzow's Freikorps was attached to Walmoden )force. This Legion consisted of: 5 Cavalry Squadrons, 3 Infantry Bns, 1 Tyroler-Jager detachment and 1 horse artillery btry of mixed gun sizes. The following units are also mentioned: von Schill Freikorps - 2 sqdns of hussars von Staak Freikorps 1 Bn of infantry von Retche Freikorps 1 Bn of Japers Hellwig's Streifkorps - 1 Bn of Jagers Swedes (1) (2) (3) (4) (9) The following Swedish cavalry regiments present in Germany in 1813 with the number of squadrons present: Lifgardet til Hast or Liferegiment Dragoon Corps (5) Smalands latta dragonregements (6) Lifegementbrgadens Kyassiercorps (4) Mornerska husarregemente (6) Schonen Karabinier Regt (4) or Skanska Karabinier Pommeranian Legion (1) Schonen Hussars (6) or Skansks Hussar Of these, the Schonen Carbinier Regt. and possibly 1 sqdn. of the Morner Hussar Regt. served With Walmoden's Corps. There appears to be a difficulty with the German and Swedish titles/words, i.e. "Schonep" or "Skanska", having the same meaning. Is the Skanska Karabinier Regt the same as the Schonen Carabinier Regiment? Swedish foot units which served in the Swedish division run from 5 to 7 Bns. depending on the source. Listed be#ow are the various combinations as lifted in the sources. (2) Smaland Regt. - 1 Bn, Nord Schonen Regt. - 1 Bn Koningin Regt. - 1 Bn, Schonen Regt. - 2 Bns, Engelbrechtenska Regt. - 2 bns. (1) Smaland Regt. - 1 Bn, Jonkoping Regt. - 3 Bns, South Schonen - 1 Bn, King's Regt. - 1 bn The King's Regt. (Konig) should be Queen's or Konigin trine Regt., and the South Schonen should be the Nord (North) Schonen Regiment. Sweden also provided one foot battery Of 8 guns, I believe it would be a 61b battery. Mecklenburg (1) (2) (4) (5) Mecklenburg contributed two brigades to Walmoden's Corps. One source lists the Mecklenburg landwehr as being part oŁ the Walmoden's Corp's, but in the EE&L, no. 54, "Mecklenburg in the Napoleonic Wars", by David Sweet, pages 8-13, the Mecklenburg landwehr appears to have stayed at home, which would eliminate that unit from the OB for Walmoden (field operations).  The field force consisted of: Guard Grenadiers - 1 Bn, Jagers - 1 Bn, Mounted Jagers - 4 sqdns, Line - 2 Bns 1 61b foot btry - sources list 2, 4 or 6 guns (perhaps starting out with 2 guns then squiring more as captures, etc were made) Russia (2) (3) Two sources lists 1 battalion of the Russian 2nd Jager regiment present (10 August, 1813 and 15 August 1813). This battalion numbered only some 250-300 men. British (2) (4) (6) Petre, in Napoleon's Last Campaign in Germany - 1813, page 28, lists the British contingient as 1 regiment of hussars (3rd KGL?), two horse batteries (KGL?) and rockets. He also lists 6 British battalions in Stralsund, which, consulting The British Military: Its System and Organization - 18031815, by S.J. park and G, Nafziger, pages 89 thru 107, we find 6 battalions listed as "1813 Stralsund" : 4/1st, 2/25th, 1/33rd, 1/54th, 2/91st, 3/95th and the 2/93rd as "1813 Hanover, Gohrde". Schwertseger in his 14 September, 1813 OB lists the 2/73rd Foote from Stralsund as being atached to the British-German division under Gen. Lyon. Mr. Nafziger's OB. lists "2000 infantry" and the map in von Pivka's book lists Britisch (sic). It would apear that one or'more of the battalions in Stralsund took the field at one time. Also listed is a British Rocket Battery of 32 launchers. King's German Legion (1) (2) (3) (4) (8) The King's German Legion, by Otto von Pivka, Osprey Books, 1974, page 18 states "Legion units involved in this campaign were initially four infantry companies, later reinforced and concentrated in a formation known " 'Holtzermann's Half Battalion'. In the latter stages of fighting the remounted and 800-strong 3rd Hussars (Lieutenant-Colonel von Tobing, later Maj. Kuper) and both horse arttilery batteries also figured in the roll of Walmoden's army. On page 35, in the caption to a map of the Battle of Gohre, von Pivka states "Both horse batteries and the 3rd Hussars of the Legion took part in this battle as complete units, as well as dettachments from both light battalions` and the 1st, 2nd and 5th Line Battalions." On the map, the following units are shown: Far Left Flank: Arentschild 1st, 2nd, 3rd & 4th Esk. 1st (R-G Legion?) Hussarp 2 artillery batteries - Schpel & Erlenbusch 4 "blocks" of infantry marked 1st, 2nd, 5th 8, 6th (R-G Legion infantry ?) Center: Tettenborn Cavalry block marked Lutzow 3 Infantry blocks marked Steak, Reiche and Keilmannsegge 1 artillery battery named Wiering Right Center: Lyon 6 infantry blocks marked Bremen, Anhalt, Bennigsen, Lauenburg, Holtzermann and Britisch (sic) Right: Dornherg 3 cavalry blocks marked 4 Esk.Lutzow, 3.Hus.(3rd KGL?), and Hannov. Hus. 2 infantry blocks, both marked Rakefen 4 artillery batteries or sections marked Spoormann, Kuhlmann (KGL), Tiedemann (RGL), and Sympher (KGL). The KGL thus contributed 1 hussar regiment (the 3rd), 2 batteries of horse artillery (6 guns each), Holtzermann's Infantry Battalion and possible 3 companies of KGL, light infantry combined into a "commando". Hannoverians (1) (2) (3) (4) (7) (11) British agents recruited heavily when Hannover was liberated early in 1813 and many units were raised. These were placed in the British-German Division of Walmoden's Corps. Units named in the source include: Light Infantry Luneburg Bn. Onsabruck Bn. Harzer BN. Hannoverian Sharpshooter Bn. Bremen-Verden Bn. Hannoverian Infantry-Jager Bn. Kielmansegge jager corps - 2 companies. Line Infantry Benningsen Bn. Razeburger Infantry Bn. Langrehe or Hoya Bn. (same unit, different commander) Cavalry Estorff Hussars - 4 sgdns. Luneburg Hussars - 3 sgdrls. Bremen-Verden Hussars - sources vary 1-4 sqdns. Artillery 1 Foot btry. - 6 guns. Anhalt-Dessau (2) (3) (4) (8) Sources agree that a 1 battalion infantry regiment was raised by the German principality of Anhalt-Dessau for service with the Allies and served with Walmoden's Corps. Hanseatic States (1) (2) (3) (4 (12) The Hanseatic commercial states of Northern Germany raised a variety of units which served with Walmoden. Most should be considered as a form of Freikorps/volunteer. Infantry Regiment Hamburg - 2 Bns. (one source lists 1 En.) Lubeck - 1 Bn. Hamburg - 1 Jager coy Cavalry Hamburg Regt. - 6 sqdns. Lubeck Regt. - 2 sqdns. Artillery 1 Foot Btry. 4 or 6 guns. 1 Horse Btry. - 4/6 guns  George Nafziger makes mention of a "notorious Fulda Battalion" in a letter to me which is not listed in any source I have. Order's of Battle As can be surmised, the exact OB for Walmocien's Corps varied from time to time as units were added - detached - combined for various reasons. In addition, to the two OB's listed in my sources which are available from George Nafziger, I have listed some others here for reference. I have not made any corrections as stated in the article, so if you intend to use them, watch out for errors. FROM 1) "The opposing forces around Hamburg - August 1813" by Peter Sablock, The Courier, Vol. 4, No. 7, 1972, pages 28/29, Corps Walmoden - 27,000 men Advance Guard - Tettenborn Cossack Regts:,2nd Grebnov, 1st Komisarov, 7th Denisov and 9th Sulin Don. von Reiche Prussian Freecorps bn. Lutzow Freecorps - three bns, five sqdns, 8 guns. Russian-German Division - Arentschild Brigade Natzmer 1st, 2nd, 3rd Russian-German bns. Brigade Wardenburg 4th, 5th, 6th Russian-German bns. British-German Division Hannoverian Line Brigade - Halkett Luneburg, Verden, Hoya Line bns. Hannoverian Light Brigade - Martin Luneburg, Bremen, Onasbruck Light bns. British-German Infantry Commando (3 companies of scouts). Hannoverian Harzer Light Bn. Russian-German Jaeger Company Hannoverian foot Btry - 6 guns Cavalry. Division - Dornberg 1st Russian-German Hussars (4) 2nd Russian-German Hussars (4) Hannoverian Estorff Hussars (5) Hannoverian Luneburg Hussars (3) Hannoverian Bremen and Verden Hussars (1) Artillery Brigades Russian German Artillery Brigade - Monhaupt 1st, 2nd Russian-German Horse Batteries - each 8 guns British-German Artillery Brigade - Bruckman 1st, 2nd British-German Horse Batteries - each 8 guns 1st British-German Rocket Bat. Artillery section - 2 guns, Swedish Division - Segesack (sic) 5th Brigade - Bergenstrale Smaland Line (1), Jonkoping Line (3) South Schonen (1), King's Line (1) Morner Hussars (1), Schonen Carabiniers (4) one foot Battery - 8 guns Mecklenburg Brigade - Fallois Guard Grenadier Bn, Line Regt (2), Horse Jager Regt (4), Jager Bn, Prussian Hussars of Schill (freecorps) From B. Schwertseger, Geschtchte der Koniglich Deutsch Legion 1803-1816 23 August 1813 Advanced Guard: Gen von Tettenborn 4 Cossack Regt, Jager Bn von Riche Lutzow Freikorps (3 bns, 5 sqds, 8 guns) Russo-German Legion: Gen von Arentschildt Natzmer Bde (3 bns), Wardenburg Bde (3 bns.) British-German Legion (KGL): Gen Lyon Light Bde Luneburg Bn, Bremen-Verden Bn, Anhalt Bn Line Bde Benningsen Bn, Langrehr Bn, Lauenburg Bn, Half Bn Holt.zermann Jager Corps 2 Hannoverian Companies, 1 Russo-German Legion Company Artillery Hannoverian Foot Battery, 6 guns Cavalry Division: Gen. von Dornburg 2 Russo-German Hussar Regt (4 sqdns) 3rd KGL Hussar Regt (5 sqdns) 1st & 2nd KGL Horse Btrys (6 guns each) 2 Russo-German Legion horse Btrys (8 guns each) British Rocket Btry Swedish Division: Gen. von Vegesack 5th Swedish Bde 6 bns., 4 sqdns., 1 foot btry Mecklenburg Bde 4 Bns., 4 sgdns., von Schill Hussars 2 sqdns., 2 guns Hanseatic Bde 2 Bns. , 8 sgdns., 4 guns Artillery section- 2 guns Hanseatic Brigade- Witzleben Hamburg bn, Lubeck bn, Hanseatic Light Horse Regt (8) Hanseatic Foot Btry 4 guns, Hanseatic Horse Btry 4 gun  14th September 1813 Advance Guard: Gin van Tettenln,rn 3 Cossack Rest, Jager Bn von Riche Lutzow Frelkorps (3 bns, 5 sgds, 8 guns) Hssnnover Jager corps, R-G egion Jager coy Hunaeatlc: Horse Btry Russo-German Legion: Gen von Arentschildt Natzmer Bide - 1st, 2nd 5th Bns Wardenburg Bde - 3rd 4th f$th Bns British--German Legion (KGL): Gen Lyon Light Bde 73rd British Foot Regt (lbn), Bremen-Verden Bn, Anhalt Bn Line Bde Benningsen Bn, Langrehr t5n, Lauenburg Bn, Half Bn Holtzermann, Hannoverian Foot Btry Cavalry Division: Gen. von Dornburg 3rd KGL Hussar Regt (5 sgcIns) Luneburg Hannoverian Hussar Regt (2 sqdns) Bremen-Verden Hannoverian -lussar Regt (1 sqdn) Horse Artillery Brigade tat & 2nd KGL Horse Btry (6 guns each) 2nd Russo-German Legion horse Btry (8 guns) 1/2 British Rocket Btry SOURCES 1) "The oppoosing forces around Hamburg - August 1813", by Peter Sabiock, The Courier, Vol-4, o.7, 1972, pp 28-29. 2) "The Army of the North, 10 August 1813", G. Nafziger, The Nafziger/Preziosi Collection, disk 1813H/I (B. von Quistrop, "Geschichte der Nord-Armee im Jahre 1813) 3) "The Army of the North, 15 August 1813", G. Nafziger, The Nafziger/Preziosi Collection, disk 1813G/B (Fabry, Etude sur les Operations de Marechhal Oudinto, Du 15 Aout au Septembre - Gross-Beeren) 4) Schwertseger, Geschichte der Koniglich Deutscn Legion 1803-1816 5) "Mecklenburg in the Napoleonic Wars", by David Sweet, E, E&L #54, pp 8-13. 6) The British Military - Its,ziystem and Organization = 1803-1815, by S.J. Park and G. Nafziger, pp 89-107. 7) "Uniforms and Colours", by Curt Johnson, The Courier, Vol. 2, No.2, 1973, pp 4-5. 8) The King's German Legion, by Otto von Privka, Osprey Books, 1974, pg 18. 9) "Swedish Cavalry 1801-1814, by Dan Schorr, The Courier, Nov-Dec., 1980, pp 10-14. 10) Peter Hofschroer in an article in "Military Modelling" entittled "The Royal Prussian Infantry Regiments" (I do not have a vol. no for this, only a photocopy) 11) Keith Over, Flags and Standards of the Napoleonic Wars, pg 62. 12) Ray Johnson, Napoleonic Armies 1978, 1984. Back to MWAN # 38 Table of Contents Back to MWAN List of Issues Back to MagWeb Magazine List © Copyright 1989 Hal Thinglum This article appears in MagWeb.com (Magazine Web) on the Internet World Wide Web. Other articles from military history and related magazines are available at http://www.magweb.com