PREFATORY NOTE

The aim of this book is to give in a condensed but readable form the information necessary to an intelligent understanding of the present question as a whole. That the statements might be as nearly accurate as possible, constant reference has been made to the highest available authorities, often quoting verbatim and naming the author in each instance.

There is appended a condensed list of these authorities, which will be of value to the student who wishes to pursue the subject more fully, as well as of interest to the general reader.

We gratefully acknowledge the courtesy of the pulishers of the "Scientific American," of Henry Holt & Co., and of others, who have generously allowed us to make use of matter covered by their copyrights.

One cannot follow the history of Spain's career without coming to believe that true freedom must ever go hand in hand with religious and intellectual liberty. It is. as true now as of old that "righteousness exalteth a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people."

--J. B. C.

AUTHORITIES CONSULTED

American Law Review. Boston.
Army and Navy Journal. New York.
Baird, Henry M. The Huguenots and Henry of Navarre. New York.
Battleships, Cruisers and Torpedo Boats of the Spanish Navy. Publication of the Adjutant-General's Office. Washington.
Bernaldiaz del Castillo.
Bowen. International Law.
Brassey, Lord T. A. (ed.) Naval Annual, '92, '93, '94, '95, '96, '97, '98. London. [that's 1892, 1893, etc]
Bruff. Ordnance and Gunnery. New York.
Cassier's Magazine. New York.
Consular Reports. Washington.
Cortez, Hernando. Despatches to the Emperor Charles V. New York.
Creasey, Sir Edward, Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World London.
Davis, Geo. B. Outline of International Law. New York. 1887.
Draper, John W. The Intellectual Development of Europe New York.
Draper, John W. Conflict of Science and Religion.
Dyer, Thomas Henry. History of Modern Europe. London.
Engineer (The). London.
Engineering. London.
Engineering Magazine.
Field, David Dudley.
Fortnightly
Green, J. R. Greater History of the English People. New York.
History Studies of Johns Hopkins University. Baltimore.
Information from Abroad. Publication of the Naval Intelligence Office. Washington.
Journal of United States Artillery.
Macaulay, Thomas B. Spain Under Philip H. Church of Rome.
Mahan, Captain A. T. Influence of Sea Power Upon History. Boston. 1880.
Mahan, Captain A. T. Influence of Sea Power Upon the French Revolution and Empire. Boston. 1892.
Marine Engineering. New York.
Messages of the Presidents. Washington.
Motley, John L. Rise of the Dutch Republic. New York.
Parkman, Francis. Pioneers of France in the New World.
Pearce. History of Spain.
Prescott, William H. History of the Conquest of Mexico. Philadelphia.
Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute, Annapolis.
Radford. Hand-Book on Naval Gunnery. New York.
Scientific American. New York.
State Department Documents. Washington.
Trench, R. C. Gustavus Adolphus in Germany. London. 1872.
Twiss, Sir Travers. Belligerents' Rights on the High Seas Since the Declaration of Paris. London.
United Service. Magazine.
Wharton, Francis (ed.) Digest of the International Law of the United States. Washington. iS89.
Woolsey, Theodore D. International Law.
Yeats, John. Growth and Vicissitudes of Commerce. London. 1872.

Next: Chapter 1: Background Information on Spain 1898