1862
August. Sioux uprising in Minnesota; Siege of Fort Ridgely; Battle of New Ulm. September 3rd Sept. Battle of Birch Coulee; narrow U.S. victory. Battle of Wood Lake; Sioux defeat.
1863
September. Sulley's campaign against Sioux in North Dakota. 8th September Sioux defeat at Whitestone Hill.
1864
28th July. Sully defeats Sioux at Battle of Killdeer Mountain. 29th November. Massacre of Cheyenne at Sand River, Colorado.
1864
December. Texas Volunteers (Confederates) defeated by Kickapoo at Dove Creek, Texas.
1865
6th February. Brule Sioux, Northern Arapaho, Cheyenne attack U.S. forces at Mud Springs, Colorado. 8thJune. Narrow U.S. victory at Mud Springs, Colorado. Continuous skirmishing with Sioux in Dakota and Wyoming.
1866
21st December. Full-scale war ("Red Cloud's War") begins with Sioux and Cheyenne ; Fetterman Massacre.
1867
Indecisive fighting with Sioux and Cheyenne; Heavyfield Fight Ist August. Waggon Box Fight 2nd August (a Sioux victory). 17th September. Southern Cheyenne defeated at Beechers Island, Arkaree River, Eastern Colorado. 27th November. Massacre of Cheyenne by Custer at Washita River, Oklahoma. 25th December. 3rd Cavalry defeat IGowa at Battle of Soldier Spring.
1868
Red Cloud's War ends with treaty favourable to Sioux.
1869
June. Pawnee broken at South Platte River.
1873-74
Widespread Kiowa, Cheyenne and Commanche raids on Texas; in South West, fighting with Apache continues throughout period.
1874-75
Red River War results in no major battles but brings about surrender of large numbers of Indians.
1876-77
Great Sioux War 17th June. Battle of the Rosebud. Crook mauled by Crazy Horse. 25th June. Custer killed at Little Big Horn. Winter 1876/77. Sioux surrender or flee to Canada.
1877
June-October. Revolt of Nez Pierce; Chief Joseph's Campaign. September. Ute Rebellion.
1881
Sitting Bull returns from Canada and surrenders at Fort Buford, North Dakota.
1880-86
Apache wars against Victorio, Geronimo etc.
1890
Ghost Dance Rising; Sitting Bull killed. 25th December. Battle of Wounded Knee
1891
Last major group of independent Indians surrender. The Pony Wars at an end.
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