400-387 War between Sparte and Persia 399 Trial and death of Sokrates. General amnesty at Athenai, exiles return. Murder of Arkhelaos. 399-360 Agesilaos II, Eurypontid king of Sparte. 399-396 Orestes, king of the Makedones 399-396 Aeropos (II), regent for the king of the Makedones 398/6-392 War between Dionysios I of Syrakuse and Carthage 396-395 Agesilaos II campaigns against Persia in Anatolia 396-393 Aeropos II, king of the Makedones 395-387/6 Korinthian War, Persia supports Korinthos, Boiotia, Argos, and Athenai against Sparte 395-380 Agesipolis 1, Agiad king of Sparte 395 Lysandros killed at siege of Haliartos 394 Battle of Nemea, Sparte and allies win against Korinthian coalition. Battle of Koronea, Spartans under Agesilaos II defeat Athenians and Boiotians. Persian fleet under Athenian Konon defeats Spartans at Knidos. 393-392 Amyntas II and Pausanias, rival kings of the Makedones 393 Athenai rebuilds the long walls and fortifies Piraios 392-370/69 Amyntas III, king of the Makedones 390 Gauls (Kelts) sack Rome 390/89 Athenai allies with Thasos, Samothrake, and coastal Anatolian cities c.388 Platon's first visit to Syrakuse. 387 Athenians defeat Spartans and Persians fleets at Hellespont 387/6 King's Peace or "Peace of Antalkidas" signed at Sardis, ends Korinthian War. Dionysios I takes Rhegium. 386-385 Spartans destroy city of Mantinea 385 lason becomes tyrant of Pherai 383-375 War between Dionysios I and Carthage 382 Spartan seizure of Kadmeia at Thebai 380-371 Kleombrotos, Agiad king of Sparte 379 Spartans conquer Olynthos, dissolve the Khalkikdike League 379/8 Liberation of Thebai 378 Foundation of Second Athenian Confederation. Raid of Sphodrias. 377/6-353/2 Mausolos is satrap of Karia 376 Second Athenian League defeats Spartans at naval battle of Naxos. Battle of Kronion, Carthaginians defeat Dionysios 1. 375 Battle of Tegyra. lason becomes tagos of Thessalos. 375/4 Renewal of Common Peace 373 Plataia attacked and destroyed byThebai 371 "Common" Peace of Kallias, signed at Sparte by all states except Thebai. Battle of Leuktra, Thebans/ Boiotians under Epaminondas defeat Spartans and allies, Spartan king Kleombrotos is killed. lason of Pherai supports Thebai. 371-370 Agesipolis II, Agiad king of Sparte 371/0 "Common" Peace of Athenai 370/69-368 Alexandros II, king of the Makedones 370-309/8 Kleombrotos II, Agiad king of Sparte 370 Assassination of lason of Pherai 370/69 Thebans invade Peloponnesos. Liberate Messenia and establish independent state. Formation of Arkadian League. 369 Thebans second invasion of Peloponnesos. Alexandros becomes tyrant of Pherai. 368 Foundation of Megalopolis as capital of Arkadia. 368-365 Ptolemaios of Aloros, regent of the Makedones 367 Dionysios II succeeds Dionysios I of Syrakuse 367/6-360 Satraps' revolt in Anatolia from Persia 366 Dion expelled from Syrakuse. Thebai siezes Oropos. c.366 Platon's second visit to Syrakuse 366/5 "Common" Peace 365 Athenians capture Samos from Persians 365-359 Perdikkas III, king of the Makedones 364 Thebans destroy Orkhomenos. Battle of Kynoskephalai, death of Pelopidas. 362 Battle of Mantinea, death of Epaminondas, defeat of Spartans 362/1 Common Peace treaty among Hellenic states except Sparte 361 Expedition of Agesilaos II against Persians. Kallistratos executed. 361/0-338 Arkhidamnos III, Eurypontid Spartan king 360 Death of Spartan king Agesilaos II 359 Perdikkas III killed in battle against Illuric Dardanians under Bardulis 359-336 Philippos II, king of the Makedones (regent for Amyntas IV, 359-c.357) 359 Philippos secures peace with Athenai, after withdrawing Makedon garrison from Amphipolis. Philippos II defeats and executes Argaios. Reorganizes Makedon army. Spring/358 Philippos II defeats the Paiaones under Lyppeios Summer/358 Philippos II defeats Illuric king Bardulis and the Dardanians. Artaxerxes III succeeds Artaxerxes II as king of Persia. Autumn/358 Philippos II first invasion of Thessalos in support of Larissa 357-355 Social War, between Athenai and Khios, Kos, and Rhodos. Rebels supported by Byzantion and Mausolos of Karia 357 Philippos II captures Amphipolis, outbreak of war with Athenai. Philippos marries Myrtale of Epeiros (Olympias). Winter/357/6 Philippos II captures Pydna 356-354 Dion rules in Syrakuse. Spring/356 Battle of Embata, Athenian navy defeated by Khios. Alliance between Philippos and the Khalkidike League (Olynthos). Summer/356 Philippos occupies Krenides (Philippi). Anti-Makedones coalition rises, Illuroi, Paiaones, Thrakiotes, Athenians. Birth of Alexandros, son of Philippos II. Potidaia besieged by Philippos II. Parmenion defeats Illuroi. Phokis seizes Delphoi. Philippos captures Potidaia, gives to the Khalkidike, then captures Apollonia Mygdonis, Galepsos, and Oisyme. 355-346 Third Sacred War, Phokis against Thebai/ Boiotia, Lokris, and Thessalos Spring-Summer/355 Philippos II in Thessalos Autumn-Winter/355 Philippos II besieges Methone Spring/354 Philippos II takes Methone (loses an eye). Summer-Autumn/354 Battle of Neon, Phokis defeated. Dion murdered in Syrakuse. Philippos II campaigns in Thrakios, takes Abdera and Maroneia. Summer/353 Thesalian League requests aid from Philippos II against Pherai. Philippos defeats Phayllos and the Phokians/Pheraienes. Autumn/353 Phokians and Pheraienes under Onomarkhos defeat Philippos II twice in Thessalos. Philippos withdraws to Makedonis. Spring-Summer/352 Philippos II returns to Thessalos, is elected archon. Battle of Crocus Fields, Philippos II defeats Phokians and Pheraienes, Onomakhos is killed. Philippos captures Pherai and Pagasai, marches on Thermopylai. Makedon colony founded at Gonnoi. Autumn/352 Khalkidike-Athenian alliance formed Winter/352/1 Philippos II campaigns in Thrakios, becomes seriously ill 351 Demosthenes oration against Makedones, First Philippic 351/0 Philippos II campaigns against Illuroi. Philippos II campaigns in Epeiros, reduces Arubbasto regent, Alexandros of Epeiros becomes ward in Pella. 349-348 Philippos II campaigns in the Khalkidike, destroys Stagira and Olynthos. 348 Several Euboian cities seek independence from Athenai 347 Death of Platon. Aristoteles moves from Athenai to Assos. Philippos intervenes in central Hellas, supports Euboian independence. Siege of Halos. Spring/346 Philippos II campaigns in Thrakios, and defeats Kersebleptes. Peace of Philokrates, between Athenai and Philippos. Summer/346 Philippos II marches on Thermopylai. Philippos II defeats Phokians, ends Third Sacred War. 346/5 Philokrates flees prosecution. Aiskhines prosecuted by Demosthenes but is acquitted. 345Phiiippos II campaigns against Illuroi under Pleuratos 344 Timoleon aids Syrakuse against Dionysios II and the Carthaginians. Philippos II enters Thessalos, reforms governments. 344-343 Timoleon liberates Syrakuse from Dionysios II Winter/343/2 Philippos II intervenes in Epeiros, replaces Arubbas with Alexandros of Epeiros Spring/342 Aristoteles becomes tutor of Alexandros and Makedon pages. Philippos II campaigns in Thrakios. 341/39 Battle of Krimisos River, Timoleon defeats the Carthaginians Spring/341 Philippos II supports Kardia against Athenai. Athenian raids on Aegean coast. Summer/341 Philippos II campaigns in Thrakios, deposes kings Teres and Kersebleptes, allies with king Kothelas. Founds Philippoupolis and Berois in Thrakios. Winter/341 Demosthenes and Kallias in the Peloponnesos and western Hellas, seeking support against Philippos 340 Philippos II besieges Perinthos and Selymbria. Athenai declareswaron Philippos II. Alexandros defeats the Maidoi, founds Alexandropolis. 340-339 Philippos II besieges Byzantion Winter/339-338 Fourth Sacred War, Amphissa of Lokris against Thessalos. Summer/339 Philippos II campaigns against Scythians, then severely wounded in battle with the Triballoi. Thebai seizes Nikaia. Autumn/339 Amphiktyony appoints Philippos II hegemon in war against Amphissa. Philippos II intervenes in Fourth Sacred War, occupies Elateia. Athenian-Theban alliance formed. Winter/339/8 Makedones take Amphissa. Spring/338 Paremenion seizes cities along Korinthian Gulf coast Summer/338 Battle of Khairomea, Philippos II defeats Athenians, Thebai/Boiotians, and their allies. Death of Isokrates. Battle of Manduria (Italia), Arkhidamos III killed. Philippos invades the Peloponnesos, enters Lakonia. First congress of Hellenic states at Korinthos. Arses succeeds Artaxerxes III as king of Persia. 338-331/0 Agis III, Eurypontid king of Sparte 338/7 Second congress at Korinthos, foundation of League of Korinthos by Philippos II. Agreement on war against Persia. Philippos marries Kleopatra. Spring/336 Philippos II campaigns against Illuroi under Pleurias. Parmenion leads advance force, invades Persian Anatolia. Autumn/336 Assassination of Philippos II, accession of Alexandros III. Ktesiphon proposes that Demosthenes be rewarded. Accession of Darius III in Persia. 336-323 Alexandros III, king of the Makedones 335 Destruction of Thebai by Alexandros. 334 Battle of River Granikos, Alexandros defeats Persians. Alexandros conquers western Anatolia. 333 Battle of Issos, Alexandros defeats Darius. 332 Alexandros besieges Tyre, takes city. Besieges Gaza and takes city. Alexandros enters Aigyptos. 331 Alexandros III founds Alexandria, visits oracle of Amun at Siwah. Battle of Gaugamela, Alexandros defeats Darius. Alexandros conquers Mesopotamia, enters Babylon and Persepolis. Battle of Megalopolis, Antipatros defeats Agis III. 331/0 Battle of Pandosia, Alexandros of Epeiros defeated 331-305 Eudamidas 1, Eurypontid king of Sparte 330 Burning of Persepolis. Murder of Darius III in Bactria. Execution of Philotas and murder of Parmenion. Ktesiphon prosecuted by Aiskhines. 330-328 Alexandros conquers Bactria and Sogdiana 328 Murder of Black Kleitos by Alexandros 327 Alexandros III and Roxane marry. "Pages" conspiracy. Alexandros commences Indian campaign. 326 Battle of River Hydaspes (Jhelum), conquers the Punjab. Alexandros' army mutinies at River Hyphasis (Beas). Alexandros and army descend the Indus River. 325 Alexandros leads army back through Baluchistan desert c.325 Apelles and Lysippos active 324 Alexandros returns to Susa. Alexandros' Exiles Decree returns exiles to their cities. Makedon mutiny at Opis on Tigris River. Death of Hephaistion. June/323 Death of Alexandros III at Babylon. 323 Perdikkas becomes regent. Death of Diogenes of Sinope. 323-317 Philippos III (Arrhidaios) and Alexandros IV, co-kings of the Makedones (regency) 323-322 Lamian War, Athenai and other states revolt against the Makedones. 8/322 Battle of Krannon, abolition of Athenian democracy, death of Demosthenes. Death of Aristoteles. 320 Death of Perdikkas, murdered in Aigyptos' Conference at Triparadeisos, Antipatros becomes regent. 319 Death of Antipatros. Ptolemaios I seizes Palestine and Coele-Syria. Agathokles in power in Syrakuse. 319-316 Polyperkhon driven from Makedonis by Kassandros 319-301 Antigonos I attempts to reunite the empire. 318 Phokion executed in Athenai 317 Olympias murders Philippos III Arrhidaios 317-311/0 Alexandros IV, king of the Makedones (regency) 316 Kassandros executes Olympias and imprisons Roxane and Alexandros IV. Due to Antigonos, Seleukos I flees Babylon to Ptolemaios I. 315-311 Coalition of satraps fight against Antigonos I 312 Battle of Gaza, Ptolemaios I defeats Demetrios, son of Antigonos. Seleukos I recaptures Babylon. 311 Agathokles defeated by Carthaginians in Sicily 311/0 Roxane and Alexandros IV murdered by Kassandros, end of Temenidai dynasty. Peace treaty among the Successors: Antigonos gets Anatolia, Kassandros gets Makedonis and Hellas, Lysimakhos gets Thrakios, Ptolemaios gets Aigyptos (Seleukos not included) Back to Table of Contents -- Against the Odds vol. 1 no. 1 Back to Against the Odds List of Issues Back to MagWeb Magazine List © Copyright 2002 by LPS. This article appears in MagWeb.com (Magazine Web) on the Internet World Wide Web. Other military history articles and gaming articles are available at http://www.magweb.com * Buy this back issue or subscribe to Against the Odds direct from LPS.